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There are two theories about the name of the Cayenne pepper. The first one suggests that the word “kyinha” (cayan – cayenne) in the old Tupi language (once spoken in Brazil) means hot pepper. The second theory suggests that the Cayenne pepper is named after the capital city of French Guiana (or is the city named after it? That is not entirely defined yet). The Cayenne pepper plant grows from 30 to 120 cm in height. The leaves are green, and the flowers are white. After transplanting, it takes about 100 days to harvest the first fruits. The fruits ripen from green to red. They are 10 to 25 cm long and have an elongated shape with a slightly pointed tip. The skin of Cayenne peppers is thin. The fruits of this pepper have a wide range of uses in kitchens around the world. They are most commonly used as dried and ground fruits in powder form to season almost any dish. This spice is known as cayenne pepper worldwide or as cayenne pepper in our region. Fresh fruits can be consumed in sandwiches, salads, and similar dishes. They are often the base for mildly to moderately spicy sauces.
Growing Conditions
Soil pH: 5.5 – 7.5
Sowing time: Mid to late February
Light requirements: Plant seedlings in a fully sunny location without excessive shade
Germination time: 16-20 days
Optimal sowing temperature: 26 – 29 °C, minimum 16 °C
Planting: Seedlings are transplanted directly into the ground or large pots at temperatures above 16°C; in our climate, this is mid to late May. The optimal temperature during vegetation is 25 °C.
Required pot size: If planting in pots, they should have a minimum capacity of 15 liters.
Spacing within rows: 45 – 60 cm between plants
Spacing between rows: 60 to 90 cm
Watering: In the field, watering depends on rainfall; during dry periods, water at least once a week. For potted peppers, water as needed if the substrate at root level is dry.
Fertilization: After transplanting until flowering, apply fertilizer weekly through foliar spraying with a formulation of 19:6:20; during flowering until the end of harvest, use a formulation of 15:5:30.
